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C Cain - Curris

(7721 total words in this text)
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C 001966 Cain, John * Last departure from Namibia: 1887 --- John Cain was a trader who lived at Okahandja with his Ovaherero wife and several children. He moved to the Transvaal before November 1887. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:18; 001965 Cain, Willi * in Namibia + in Namibia --- Willi Cain was probably a son of John Cain and his Ovaherero wife. He was murdered in 1899 by the German Prinz Prosper von Arenberg. --- Gender: m Namibia National Archives Database 001034 Campbell, John * 03.1766 at Edinburgh, Scotland + 04.04.1840 at London, England --- John Campbell was born in March 1766 at Edinburgh in the United Kingdom. He was a director of the London Missionary Society. He was appointed to the first deputation to inspect LMS settlements in southern Africa. He travelled extensively in South Africa between 1812-1814 and 1819-1821, coming close to Namibia and reporting relevant information in his published works. He died on 04.04.1840 at London. --- Gender: m Field of activity: REL Collections/Papers: 1). SOAS: GB 0102 CWM/LMS Africa Personal Boxes 3,5 (Papers 1772-1840) RAW DATA: Lau: Hahn I; 000691 Campher, Lourens Ignatius * 10.03.1927 at Bloemhof, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1952 --- Lourens Ignatius Campher was born on 10.03.1927 at Bloemhof in South Africa. He was a medical doctor who studied at the University of Pretoria. He came to Namibia in 1952 and practised in Omaruru. He was married to Ann Elizabeth Campher, née Shepperson in 1953. --- Gender: m Field of activity: MED Profession: Medical doctor Married to: Ann Elizabeth Campher, née Shepperson, married 1953- Father: Lourens Ignatius Campher RAW DATA: WWSA 1959; 000386 Caprivi de Caprera de Montecuccoli, Georg Leo von, Graf (Count) * 24.02.1831 at Berlin, Germany + 06.02.1899 at Skyren near Krossen, Germany --- Georg Leo von Caprivi de Caprera de Montecuccoli was born on 24.02.1831 at Berlin in Germany. He joined the Prussian Army in 1849. He was in active service in the German/French War 1870/71. He became Generalmajor in 1877 and Generalleutnant in 1882. He headed the German Navy in the rank of Vizeadmiral from 1883 to 1888. On 30.03.1890, Emperor Wilhelm II appointed him as Chancellor (Reichskanzler) to succeed Bismarck, who disagreed with the Emperor about foreign policy. Although the person was virtually unknown in the country, Caprivi's name got famous in Namibia through the "Caprivi Strip", which was named after him (allegedly by Theodor Leutwein) because under his Chancellorship the so-called Heligoland Treaty with Britain was signed, which gave Germany colonial authority over this stretch of land between the Okavango and Zambezi rivers. Caprivi resigned from the Chancellorship on 26.10.1894 and was succeeded by Fürst Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst. He died on 06.02.1899 at Skyren near Krossen in Germany. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Functions: Reichskanzler - Germany - 1890-1894 RAW DATA: Meyers Konversationslexikon 6.Aufl.; Drechsler 1966:70-72, 74, 77/78, 99-100, 295, 305, 312, 314, 316-317, 335-337, 339-340, 342, 347; 001967 Carew, Henry Seymour * in South Africa + 01.1880 at Natboud --- Henry Seymour Carew was a hunter and trader. He was from South Africa and married a Baster woman of Rehoboth. He first lived in the Witbooi area, which he left in 1871, then for five months among the Kai||Khaun (Red Nation) at Hatsamas, and on 01.01.1972 settled at Gurumanas. He died in 1880 when he was run over by a wagon. His wife continued his business. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:18; 000754 Carlsson, Bernt * .1938 at Stockholm, Sweden + 21.12.1988 at Lockerbie, Scotland --- Bernt Carlsson was born in 1938 at Stockholm in Sweden. He joined the Swedish Social Democratic Youth League at the age of sixteen. He studied economics at the University of Stockholm and became assistant to the Minister of Commerce in 1967. He was appointed as International Secretary of the Social Democratic Party of Sweden in 1970 and became Secretary-General of the Socialist International from 1976-1983. He was appointed as the United Nations Commissioner for Namibia from 1987 to 1988. He was killed in the Pan Am aeroplane crash near Lockerbie in Scotland in December 1988, while he was on his way to New York for the United Nations ceremony marking the Namibia peace agreement. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Functions: Secretary-General - Socialist International - 1976-1983 Commissioner for Namibia - United Nations - 1987-1988 Collections/Papers: 1). International Institute for Social History, Amsterdam (Papers 1972-1983, mostly from his Socialist International period, not on Namibia) 001964 Carlsson, Carl * in Sweden --- Carl Carlsson was a Swedish hunter and trader who resided at Omaruru during the 1870s. In 1880 Carlsson and Leen had a store near Rautanen's mission in Ondonga. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:18-19; 000782 Carvalho, Ruy Duarte de * --- Ruy Duarte de Carvalho studied cultural anthropology at the Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris. He taught anthropology at the University of Luanda. His major body of work focussed on the Otjiherero speaking communities of southwestern Angola, namely the Kuvale. --- Gender: m Field of activity: ACA Profession: Anthropologist Namibia National Archives Database 001335 Castell-Rüdenhausen, Hubertus, Graf zu * .1909 at München, Germany First entry to Namibia: 1935 --- Hubertus Castell-Rüdenhausen was born in 1909 at München in Germany. He came to Namibia in 1935. He was a hunter, writer and nature conservationist. --- Gender: m Namibia National Archives Database 001336 Castray, Charles Cathcart * --- Charles Cathcart Castray was a trader, farmer, settler and associate of Prof. Wahlberg. Since the mid-1850s he was in partnership with trader Wilson. He belonged to the group of traders who became politically involved in the 1860s in Otjimbingwe. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler; 001968 Cator * First entry to Namibia: 14.06.1859 --- Cator was a British officer, who travelled for leisure with J. Chapman and other in Namibia between 1859 and 1861. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:19; 001969 Chapman, Henry Samuel * 04.08.1834 at Cape Town, South Africa + 09.08.1922 at Braamfontein, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 02.1860 --- Henry Samuel Chapman was born on 04.08.1834 at Cape Town in South Africa. He was a hunter and trader. He was a brother to James Chapman (Jnr.) He arrived at Walvis Bay by sea in February 1860, and travelled extensively between Walvis Bay, Ovamboland, Hereroland, Lake Ngami and the Cape until 1863. Later he lived at Oudtshoorn, Kimberley and Johannesburg. He died on 09.08.1922 at Braamfontein in South Africa. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Married to: Mrs. Chapman (-1886) Father: James (Snr.) Chapman Children: Maude McCabe (married Chapman) RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:19-20; 000131 Chapman, James, (Jnr.) * 27.12.1831 at Cape Town, South Africa + 04.02.1872 at Du Toit's Pan, Kimberley, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1855 Last departure from Namibia: 1871 --- James Chapman (Jnr.) was born on 27.12.1831 at Cape Town in South Africa. He was a trader, hunter, traveller, and photographer. He was one of the first persons to take photographs in Namibia, but only few of the photos have survived. The photographs he took during his journey with Galton and Andersson have never been found. Between 1852 and 1864 he was engaged in trading expeditions which led him several times to Nama- and Damaraland. He published a detailed journal. Chapman attempted to farm at Anawood on the banks of the Swakop River in 1863 and 1864, but was forced to abandon the ideas owing to the Nama-Ovaherero-War, in which he refused to become involved. From 1864-1870 he lived at various places in South Africa, but returned as a trader and hunter to Hereroland and Ovamboland between 1870-1871. He was married to Cecilia Catherine (Cissy) Roome on 12 May 1857. They had four children. He died on 04.02.1872 at Du Toit's Pan, Kimberley in South Africa. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Profession: Trader Married to: Cecilia Catherine (Cissy) Chapman, née Roome, married 1857- Father: James (Snr.) Chapman Children: William James Bushnell Chapman (1858-1932) Collections/Papers: 1). NAN: A.233 (Manuscript of "Travels in the interior of Africa"; notes on hunting, geology, gold etc.) 2). NAN: A.410 RAW DATA: Lau 1985:V1249; Tabler 1966:26; Tabler 1973:21-22; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 000692 Chapman, William James Bushnell * 22.03.1858 at Cape Town, South Africa + 14.10.1932 in the Gobabis District First entry to Namibia: 1864 --- William James Bushnell Chapman was born on 22.03.1858 at Cape Town in South Africa. He was the eldest son of James Chapman (Jnr.). He was a trader, hunter and farmer. He firstly entered Namibia as a child in 1864, but was sent back to Cape Town the same year. He returned on 16.06.1874 to Walvis Bay as assistant at Harrison's store but soon left for trading and hunting trips to the interior. He started trading with Ovamboland in 1875. He went to Angola in 1881 and farmed in Humpata, Angola. He frequently returned to Namibia for hunting and trading, and resettled with other Angola Boers in Namibia in 1928 where he settled in the Gobabis district. He married Hester Sophia Jacoba Opperman, daughter of a Dorsland trekker, in 1884. Nine children were born to them. After his wife's death in 1902, he remarried the widow of Otto Peters (born Van der Walt) in 1905. He died on 14.10.1932 in the Gobabis District. --- Gender: m Field of activity: AGR Profession: Farmer Married to: <1>Hester Sophia Jacoba Chapman, née Opperman (-1902), married 1884-1902 <2> ? Chapman, née Van der Walt, married 1905- Father: James Chapman (1831-1872) Collections/Papers: 1). NAN: A.233 (Account of history of Angola Boers; memoirs) RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:21-25; 002112 Chikamatondo, Subya (Masubya) King [Liswani, traditional title] * + --- In the eastern parts of the Caprivi Strip, the Subya (Masubya) community elected Liswani Chikamatondo (1909-1945) as their King. The German representative, Kurt Streitwolf, who was sent by the colonial administration to establish administrative structures in the Caprivi Strip, supported the election. The Subya had a traditional leadership structure with the title Liswani for more than 200 years. When Streitwolf visited the Subya area in 1909, he found very few Masubya, because many had fled when they heard that the Germans would arrive due to the German oppression policy against the Ovaherero which was well known in the Caprivi Strip. Chikamatondo died in July 1945 and was followed by Liswani Moraliswani (1945-1996). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL RAW DATA: Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 001337 Cholnoky, Bela Jenö * .1900 + .1972 --- Hydrobiologist and botanist who researched about Namibian diatomaceae. --- Gender: m Field of activity: SCI Namibia National Archives Database 002143 Christian, Abraham, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [!Nau Xab |Gari Numab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Abraham - alternative spelling] * + --- !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Abraham Christian (!Nau Xab |Gari Numab) was the successor to Jan Christian, before 1869. He was the ninth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. In August 1843 Orlam Afrikaner Captain Jonker Afrikaner asked Rhenish Missionary Heinrich Kleinschmidt to write a letter to Abraham Christian, to persuade him not to proceed with his plans to attack the Ovaherero, together with the Kai||khaun (Red Nation of Hoachanas). Abraham's successor was Jacobus Christian (Xau-||ob !Nanxamab)(before 1869). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - before 1869 Married to: Xau-||ôs RAW DATA: Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 002150 Christian, Anna Katrina, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [!Garisema !Nanse Gôa-Khoes - Nama name] [Christiaan, Anna Katrina - alternative spelling] * + --- !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Anna Katrina Christian (!Garisema !Nanse Gôa-Khoes) was elected in 1977. Before 1977 the South African Apartheid policy only allowed councillors and no captains (this policy came into effect in 1953). She is the seventeenth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1977 - RAW DATA: Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 02181 Christian, Jacobus, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [Xau-||ob !Nanxamab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Jakobus - alternative spelling] [Christiaan, Jacobus - alternative spelling] * + --- !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Jacobus Christian (Xau-||ob !Nanxamab) was the successor to Abraham Christian (!Nau Xab |Gari Numab) before 1869. He was the tenth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. He died probably in 1869. Jacobus' successor was Wilhelm Christian (#Nao Xab Xau-||ômab)(1869-1901). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1943-1953 Married to: Gôa-khoes RAW DATA: Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 002146 Christian, Jakobus, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [Taoseb #Naoxamab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Jakobus - alternative spelling] * + .1943 --- Jakobus Christian (Taoseb #Naoxamab) was the Captain of the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts) from 1919 to 1943. He was the fifteenth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. He was the son of Johannes Christian and returned from the South African exile in 1919. Jakobus took over the captainship from Wilhelm Christian (1918-1919). After his return he was charged for entering South West Africa without the consent of the South African SWA Administration. Jakobus was convicted but was given a suspended sentence. He was allowed to stay in his community but the Administration refused to recognise him as the Captain of the Bondelswarts. Instead Hendrik Sneeuwe was installed as Bondelswart Chief. This treatment, compounded by the levying of a ridiculously high dog tax and a fee for cattle-branding irons, led to the "Bondelswart Affair of 1922". There were also indications towards the end of 1916 that the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts) were planning a rebellion against the South Africans with involvement of Jakobus Christian (who was still in exile in South Africa) and the local leader Adam Pienaar. In March 1920 the South Africans asked for the resignation of Hendrik Sneeuwe due to some corruption practices. Timotheus Beukes was appointed instead. This, again, was not accepted by the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts). They still wanted Jakobus Christian as their Captain. In April 1922, Abraham Morris, Jakob Marengo's co-commander who had fled German SWA (c. 1906) during the German-Nama War 1903-1913, returned home from exile in South Africa. He crossed the Oranje River at Haibmund. Morris and his party reached Guruchas (|Guruxas) near |Haib on 28.04.1922, where he was greeted by Jakobus Christian. This was reported to the South African authorities in Warmbad and Windhoek. The SWA Administrator issued a warrant for Morris' arrest. An attempt was made to bring Morris to Warmbad but the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts) refused to allow this. Negotiations between the South Africans (Noothouse, Superintendent of the Dreihoek reserve and Roman Catholic Father Krolikowski from Guruchas) and the Bondelswarts were stalled. On 25.05.1922 Noothouse's house at Dreihoek was raided by the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts). Four days later the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts) were attacked by South African soldiers using war planes, bombs and submachine guns, and there were more than 100 casualties on the !Gami-#nun side. Abraham Morris was killed on 29.05.1922 in Bergkamer in the |Haib Gorge near the Oranje River. The surviving !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts), together with Jakobus Christian, surrendered to Lieutenant Prinsloo at Guruchas. Consequently Jakobus Christian was sentenced to five years imprisonment with hard labour (04.06.1922) at Keetmanshoop, but was released in 1924. The South Africans now installed him a Captain of the !Gami-#nun. He died in 1943. Successor was Nathanel Christian (|Gariseb #Khami !Nansemab) from 1943 until 1953. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1919-1943 Father: Johannes Christian (1903-1910) Married to: !Hao-||êis RAW DATA: Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 002149 Christian, Jakobus, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [!Hao-||êib Taosemab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Jakobus - alternative spelling] * + --- After the death of !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Nathanel Christian (|Gariseb #Khami !Nansemab) in 1953, the South African Apartheid policy only allowed councillors and no !Gami-#nun captains any more. In 1953 there were two candidates for the chieftaincy. One was Jakobus Christian (!Hao-||êib Taosemab). This situation remained unchanged until 1977 when !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Anna Katrina Christian (!Garisema !Nanse Gôa-Khoes) was sworn in. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1953-1977 (?) RAW DATA: Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 002142 Christian, Jan, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [|Garimûb - Nama name] [Christiaan, Johannes - alternative spelling] * + --- !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Jan Christian (|Garimûb) was the successor to |O-bib, before 1860. He was the eighth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. His successor was Abraham Christian (!Nau Xab |Gari Numab)(before 1869). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - before 1869 Married to: !Nouxas RAW DATA: Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 001338 Christian, Jan Abraham, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [!Nanseb Kaib #Naoxamab (Tôasib) - Nama name] [Christiaan, Abraham - alternative spelling] * + 25.10.1903 at Warmbad --- Jan Abraham Christian was the Captain of the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts) from 1901 to 1903, whose killing in October 1903 triggered the Bondelswart rising against the Germans. He was the twelfth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. On 25.10.1903 a dispute about judicial power and the right to possess weapons arose between the Bondelswart Nama and the Germans. Bondelswarts Chief Jan Abraham Christian and German District Chief Lieutenant Walter Jobst were killed during a violent clash in Warmbad. The Bondelswarts rose up under the leadership of Johannes Christian, who succeeded his elder brother Abraham Christian, and Leutwein later reported that Jobst was mistaken in his judgement to use violence against Abraham Christian. In the ensuing war against the Bondelswarts, the Germans were supported by Hendrik Witbooi. After the death of Jobst, Lieutenant von der Bussche organised the defence of Warmbad. Christian followed his father Willem Christian (#Nao Xab Xau-||ômab)(1869-1901) and was succeeded by his brother Johannes Christian (!Nanseb #Khami #Naoxamab)(1903-1906). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1901-1903 Father: Willem Christian (1869-1901) Married to: |Garises RAW DATA: Leutwein 1906:294, 316, 439; Drechsler 1966:208; Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks 001339 Christian, Johannes, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [!Nanseb #Khami #Naoxamab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Johannes - alternative spelling] * + 05.03.1910 --- Johannes Christian was the Captain of the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts) from 1903 to 1910. He succeeded his brother Abraham after the latter's death during the skirmish with the Germans in October 1903. On 25.10.1903 a dispute about judicial power and the right to possess weapons arose between the Bondelswart Nama and the Germans. Bondelswarts Chief Jan Abraham Christian and German District Chief Lieutenant Walter Jobst were killed during a violent clash in Warmbad. The Bondelswarts rose up under the leadership of Johannes Christian, who succeeded his elder brother Abraham Christian, and Leutwein later reported that Jobst was mistaken in his judgement to use violence against Abraham Christian. In the ensuing war against the Bondelswarts, the Germans were supported by Hendrik Witbooi. After the death of Jobst, Lieutenant von der Bussche organised the defence of Warmbad. Christian was the thirteenth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. In December 1903 he attacked the German military station Uhabis. He took up weapons against the Germans in October, during the German-Nama War 1903-1913. He was interned in 1904, but was accidentally released in 1905, and immediately took up the fight against the Germans (in many cases together with Jakob Marengo). In June 1906 Johannes Christian attacked Warmbad and Gabis. He concluded a peace treaty in December 1906 (Christmas Peace of Ukamas) with the Germans. He died in South Africa on 05.03.1910. His indirect successor was Wilhelm Christian (Jnr.)(|Gariseb Gaib !Nansemab)(1918/19). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1903-1910 Father: Willem Christian (1869-1901) RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:211, 216, 227-228, 230-231, 274; Leutwein 1906:316, 445, 451, 459; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 001340 Christian, Joseph * --- Joseph Christian was a brother of Johannes Christian and a leader of the Bondelswarts who remained in 1907 south of the Oranje River in the Cape Colony in South Africa. --- Gender: m Father: Willem Christian (1869-1901) RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:231; 002147 Christian, Nathanel, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [|Gariseb #Khami !Nansemab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Nathanel - alternative spelling] [Christiaan, Nathanael - alternative spelling] * + --- !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Nathanel Christian (|Gariseb #Khami !Nansemab) was the successor to Jakobus Christian (Taoseb #Naoxamab) in 1943. He was the sixteenth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. He died 1953. Nathanel's successors were Wilhelm Christian (Gôa-khoeb |Garisemab) and Jakobus Christian (!Hao-||êib Taosemab). Both were candidates for the office of the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain in 1970. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1943-1953 Married to: Gôa-khoes RAW DATA: Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 000518 Christian, Wilhelm (Snr.), !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [#Nao Xab Xau-||ômab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Wilhelm - alternative spelling] [Christian, Willem - alternative spelling] [Monchab - corrupted spelling of Nama name] * + 03.10.1901 at Warmbad --- Wilhelm Christian (Snr.) was the Captain of the Bondelswarts or !Gami-#nun from March 1869 to his death in October 1901. He was the eleventh in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. His Nama name was #Nao Xab Xau-||ômab. As from 1870 he was selling large areas of the !Gami-#nun traditional ground around Warmbad to white farmers (Jan Louw, Piet le Riche, Leonard Celliers; a Scot with the name Hill bought the farms Tsawasis, Holoog and Groendorn; Carl Wilhelm Walser from Switzerland bought the farms Ukamas, Ariamsvlei, Nakop Swartkop and Walsersbrunn). On 22.12.1876 he held negotiations with Palgrave at Warmbad. In 1884 Wilhelm Christian sold a huge track of communal ground near Aussenkjer at the Oranje River. In June 1885 the German negotiator, Rhenish Missionary Büttner, tried to conclude a private treaty with Christian, was, however, not successful. In November 1888 he formed an alliance with Hendrik Witbooi against a faction of the ||Hawoben. On 10.10.1889 he concluded a private treaty regarding the sale of land including all the mining rights with Dr. Theophilus Hahn from the Kharaskhoma Syndicate. On 21.08.1889 Christian established a protection treaty with Dr. Heinrich Ernst Göring. Curt von Francois established a military station in Warmbad in 1894 in order to control Wilhelm Christian. 1895 Christian allowed the "Herero-Orlams" to return to Namibia (who had moved in the 1840s to the northern parts of the Cape Colony) and to settle at Warmbad (later Vaalgras/Koichas in the ||Hawoben area). In October 1898 the Germans carried out a punitive expedition against Christian because he refused to accept the registration of rifles. He died on 03.10.1901 at Warmbad. He was succeeded by his son, Jan Abraham Christian (!Nanseb Kaib #Naoxamab (Tôasib))(1901-1903). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - !Gami-#nun - 1869-1901 Married to: <1>!Nanses <2>Taoses Children: Jan Abraham Christian (!Nanseb Kaib #Naoxamab (1901-1903)) Johannes Christian (!Nanseb #Khami #Naoxamab (1903-1910)) RAW DATA: Lau 1995:229; Quellen 8; Budack 1972:244; Lau 1987:39-40; Drechsler 1966:38-39, 66-68, 97-98, 131, 330, 336, 342; Leutwein 1906:6f, 30, 70. 1153, 155. 265, 298, 314-316, 399, 439ff.; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 002145 Christian, Wilhelm (Jnr.), !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [|Gariseb Gaib !Nansemab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Wilhelm - alternative spelling] * + --- Wilhelm Christian (Jnr.) was the Captain of the !Gami-#nun (Bondelswarts) from 1918 to 1919, after the German colonial era had come to an end in 1915 and after the death of the last !Gami-#nun Captain during the German period in 1910, Johannes Christian (!Nanseb #Khami #Naoxamab). He was the fourteenth in the recorded genealogy of the !Gami-#nun captains. After the return of Jakobus Christian (Taoseb #Naoxamab), son of Johannes Christian, from the South African exile, Jakobus took over the captainship from Wilhelm (1918-1919). --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1919-1943 Father: Johannes Christian (1903-1910) RAW DATA: Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 002148 Christian, Wilhelm, !Gami-#nun Captain (Bondelswarts) [Gôa-khoeb |Garisemab - Nama name] [Christiaan, Wilhelm - alternative spelling] [Christiaan, Willem - alternative spelling] * + --- After the death of !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Nathanel Christian (|Gariseb #Khami !Nansemab) in 1953, the South African Apartheid policy only allowed councillors and no !Gami-#nun captains any more. In 1953 there were two candidates for the chieftaincy. One was Wilhelm Christian (Gôa-khoeb |Garisemab). This situation remained unchanged until 1977 when !Gami-#nun (Bondelswart) Captain Anna Katrina Christian (!Garisema !Nanse Gôa-Khoes) was sworn in. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Traditional leader Functions: Captain - Bondelswarts - 1953-1977 (?) RAW DATA: Budack 1972:244; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 001970 Christie, J.J. * First entry to Namibia: 1876 --- J.J. Christie was a member of Palgrave's first mission to Namibia in 1876. He visited Windhoek in March 1877. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:25; 000693 Christie, P. * + 05.11.1894 at Zuass --- The trader P. Christie was the brother-in-law of George Tatlow, one of the first settlers at Omaruru. He was murdered at Zuass on 05.11.1894. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Profession: Trader RAW DATA: Tabler 1973; 000132 Christine * --- Christine was a young Bantu - speaking woman who was freed from a slave ship by an English cruiser and then worked for a German family at Trinidad. When the family returned to Trinidad after a visit to Germany, she refused to return with them, and remained behind with a minister. She returned to South Africa with the Rhenish missionaries, the family of Carl Hugo Hahn (Snr.), in 1855, and eventually stayed at the mission station at Tulbagh. --- Gender: f RAW DATA: Lau 1985:V1250; 000664 Claassen, C.J. * 20.09.1933 at Viljoenskroon, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1955 --- C.J. Claassen was born on 20.09.1933 at Viljoenskroon in South Africa. He was educated at Viljoenskroon and Steynsrus. He received his B.A. at the University of the Orange Free State. He came to Namibia in 1955 as a clerk in the S.A. Department of Education and Training. He was a Deputy Director of the Department of National Education from January 1981- (?). --- Gender: m RAW DATA: On record 06.05.-20.05.1987; 001341 Clarke, Frederick * --- Frederick Clarke was a British businessman who was backing the "Groll Syndicate" which acquired shares in German colonial undertakings. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:63; 001342 Clave * --- Clave was a manager of a stud farm in German SWA. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:356; 000695 Clausen, Kurt Constantin * 12.11.1887 at Kiel, Germany First entry to Namibia: 14.11.1910 --- Kurt Constantin Clausen was born on 12.11.1887 at Kiel in Germany. He came to Namibia on 14.11.1910. He was a farmer and sworn appraiser for the District Omaruru from 1922-1955. He was married to Adelheid Emma Henriette Clausen, née Kern in 1916. --- Gender: m Married to: Adelheid Emma Henriette Clausen, née Kern, married 1916- Father: Juan Gregorio Clausen Namibia National Archives Database 001971 Clay, William * --- William Clay was a trader and hunter. His stay in Namibia is documented for 1876 (Okahandja) and Leeupan (1878). --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:25; 000010 Cleary, Sean * .1948 at Somerset West, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1983 --- Sean Cleary was born in 1948 at Somerset West in South Africa. He studied at the universities of Cape Town, UNISA and Pahlavi University, Iran. He received his military service in the South African Navy. He was a South African diplomat, who was stationed in Tehran (1971-1975), then in the S.A. Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1976-1978), Washington DC (1978-1983), and Los Angeles. In 1983 he became Director in the Office of the Administrator-General for South West Africa. As Chairman of the firm Transcontinental Consultancy he was in charge of the foreign propaganda operations of the South African-installed "governments" in Namibia, mainly against the SWAPO Party which was regarded as "Enemy No. One" by the South Africans in those years. He was married to Sophia Johanna Cleary, née Smit. --- Gender: m Field of activity: POL Profession: Diplomat Functions: Director - Office of the Administrator-General - 1984- Married to: Sophia Johanna Cleary, née Smit Namibia National Archives Database 000696 Clements, P.B. * .1866 + .1946 --- P.B. Clements came from a British army family. He served in the 10th Royal Hussars from1884 (-1893). Later he joined the Imperial Corps, the Bechuanaland Border Police. In the First World War he took part in the invasion of German South West Africa as an officer of the 1st SAMR. He was taken prisoner by the Germans during the battle of Sandfontein. Later he was appointed military commandant of Swakopmund, 1915. He took part in the Mandume expedition 1917. 1918 he was appointed Deputy Asst. Quarter-Master. --- Gender: m Field of activity: MIL Profession: Military officer Collections/Papers: 1). NAN: A.306 000519 Cleverly, John James * .1856 in England + .1906 at Elliot, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1889 Last departure from Namibia: 1901 --- John James Cleverly was born in 1856 in England. Cleverly began his career as a civil servant of the Cape Colony in 1876. He worked as customs officer in Port Elizabeth from 1884 to 1889, when he was transferred to Walvis Bay as acting Resident Magistrate. His appointment was confirmed in July 1890, and he remained in Walvis Bay until 1901, when he was transferred back to East London as collector of customs and registrar of shipping. He was again in Walvis Bay as sub-collector of customs, civil commissioner and resident magistrate from 1903 to 1904, before being appointed resident magistrate in Elliot (Transkeian territory) in 1905. He died in Elliot at the age of 50 in 1906. His superiors apparently did not think very highly of him. Correspondence of the British Colonial Office (cited by Dreyer) depicted him as "a somewhat dangerous officer", "rather foolish and loquacious", "repeating and magnifying gossip", and one remark viewed him, apparently in the spirit of colonial solidarity, as "being prejudiced against the German colonial Government." He died in 1906 at Elliot in South Africa. --- Gender: m Field of activity: ADM Profession: Civil servant Collections/Papers: 1). Cape Archives (Journal) RAW DATA: Dreyer 1987:23-24; Lau 1995:229; Wilkens and Fox 1978:18, 28; Drechsler 1966:339; Bülow 1896:35; His wife is buried in Walvis Bay; the gravestone is today kept in the Walvis Bay Museum.; 001343 Climo, Noah * --- Noah Climo was a chief managing miner at the Matchless Mine in 1857. --- Gender: m Namibia National Archives Database 000133 Cloete, Anna * --- Anna Cloete was the daughter of Daniel Cloete. She moved to Okombahe with her father, and played a considerable role in the school there. --- Gender: f Field of activity: EDU Father: Daniel Cloete (1830-1894) RAW DATA: Driessler 1932:104; 000134 Cloete, Daniel * .1830 + 06.07.1894 at Spitzkoppe --- Daniel Cloete was a close associate of Carl Hugo Hahn for more than thirty years. He was an Evangelist, Bible translator and interpreter. Supported by Hahn, he established and managed the mission station at Okombahe between 1870 and 1880. In 1883, he left the Rhenish Missionary Society and preached near Swakopmund until his death. He was married and had at least five children. He died on 06.07.1894 near the Spitzkoppe and was buried at Okombahe. --- Gender: m Field of activity: REL RAW DATA: Lau 1985:V1250; 000520 Cloete, Petrus * --- Petrus Cloete was a leading member of Hendrik Witbooi's following. The Cloetes in Namibia all seem to have descended from Daniel Cloete, who came with missionaries Hahn and Kleinschmidt from the Cape in 1842, and who later brought his father and brothers. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Olpp 1913; Hahn 1984/85:1250; 001344 Cloete, Willem * --- Willem Cloete was a church community elder in Otjimbingwe in the 1900s. --- Gender: m Field of activity: REL Namibia National Archives Database 001345 Cloos, Hans * .1885 + .1951 --- Hans Cloos was a German geologist who researched i.a. in Namibia. --- Gender: m Field of activity: SCI Namibia National Archives Database 001972 Cluitt, John * --- John Cluitt was a blacksmith. He lived at Omaruru at least between 1874 and 1877. --- Gender: m Profession: Blacksmith RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:25; 000888 Coetzee, Cornelius G. [Coetzee, Neels - colloquial name] * 08.07.1931 at Potgietersrust, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1967 --- Cornelius G. Coetzee was born on 08.07.1931 at Potgietersrust in South Africa. He obtained his Matrik at Lydenburg Hoër Skool. He received in 1951 his B.Sc. from the University Pretoria and 1952 a teacher diploma. He was a teacher in South Africa from 1953 to 1957. From 1958 to 1963 he was a researcher at the Medical Ecology Centre in South Africa. From 1963 to 1967 he was a curator of mammals at the Transvaal Museum. He came to Namibia in 1967 as Director of the State Museum (until 1982). From 1982 to 1989 he was the Deputy Director at the Department of National Education, then Director, and 1990 Under-secretary in the Ministry of Education. He retired in 1991 to Swakopmund. He was the President of the SWA Scientific Society from 1976 to 1979. He also was a Member of the South African Broederbond. He was married to Marianne Coetzee in 1955. --- Gender: m Field of activity: SCI Profession: Zoologist Functions: President - SWA Scientific Society - 1976-1979 Director - State Museum Windhoek - 1967-1982 Deputy Director of Culture - Dept. of National Education - 1982-1989 Married to: Marianne Coetzee, married 1955- RAW DATA: Mitt.NWG 43,4-6; 000497 Coetzee, Jacobus * in South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1760 Last departure from Namibia: 1762 --- Jacobus Coetzee was baptised at Stellenbosch in South Africa on 08.10.1730. He was the first documented European to cross the Oranje River into Namibia, in 1760. His report led to Hop's expedition of 1761-1762. Coetzee accompanied that party as a guide. He was still alive in 1803. He was married to Maria Coetzee, née Cloete in 1754. --- Gender: m Married to: Maria Coetzee, née Cloete, married 1754- Mother: Elisabeth Paling Father: Johannes Coetzee RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:26; 000698 Cohen, Israel * 06.06.1898 at London, England --- Israel Cohen was born on 06.06.1898 in London in the United Kingdom. He came to Namibia in 1914. He joined S. Cohen Ltd. in 1935. He was a Director of S.W.A. Commercial Holdings. He was married to Katie Cohen, née Kuperholz in 1929. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Profession: Businessman Married to: Katie Cohen, née Kuperholz, married 1929- RAW DATA: WWSA 1959, 1974; 000699 Cohen, Jack Leslie * 11.03.1921 at Windhoek --- Jack Leslie Cohen was born on 11.03.1921 at Windhoek. He was educated at St. George's School in Windhoek. He visited the Kingswood College in Grahamstown and the University of Cape Town. He served in World War II in East and North Africa. He was a prisoner-of war of the Germans from 1942 to 1945. He joined the S. Cohen Company in 1949. He was the Director of various companies. He was married to Naomi Cohen, née Sussman in 1954. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Profession: Businessman Married to: Naomi Cohen, née Sussman, married 1954 Father: Simon Gerald Cohen RAW DATA: WWSA 1959, 1974; 000700 Cohen, Simon [Cohen, Sam] * 26.07.1890 in Russia + 26.10.1977 First entry to Namibia: 1906 --- Simon Cohen was born on 26.07.1890 in Russia but came to England at the age of nine months, where he was educated. He came to South Africa in 1903 and to Namibia in 1906, when he run a general store in Swakopmund with his father. He returned to England in 1912. He came to Namibia again in 1916 and built one of its largest business empires, mainly in the motor trade but also with interests in the fishing industry and general trading. His main firm S. Cohen (Pty) Ltd. was established in 1928, and the holding company SWA Commercial Holdings in 1946. Cohen also made himself a name with contributing to charities. The Sam Cohen Library in Swakopmund was built through a donation from him. He died on 26.10.1977. He was married to Sophia Cohen, née Canter in 1920. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Profession: Businessman Married to: Sophia Cohen, née Canter, married 1920- Father: Myer Cohen Children: Jack Leslie Cohen (1921-) RAW DATA: WWSA 1929/30, 1959, 1974; SWA Annual 1954; 000371 Coillard, François * .1834 at Asnières-lès-Bourges, France + .1904 at Lealui, Zambia --- François Coillard was born of a Huguenot peasant family in Asnières-lès-Bourges in France in 1904. He entered the Paris Evangelical Mission Society School of Missions and was ordained in 1857. He started mission work in Lesotho. In 1885 he started the Zambezi mission among the Lozi under King Lewanika, first at Sefula, later at Lealui, a mission that also had an impact on the Caprivi region of Namibia. He died at Lealui in 1904. He was married to Christina Coillard, née Mackintosh (1829-1891) in 1861. --- Gender: m Field of activity: REL Profession: Missionary Married to: Christina Coillard, née Mackintosh (1829-1891), married 1861- Collections/Papers: 1). Zimbabwe National Archives 2). Archives of the Departement Evangelique Français d'Action Apostolique, Paris 000521 Coleman, William * --- William Coleman was the brother-in-law and manager of the trader Ricketts at Tsûb|Garis. He and his wife Annie were godparents of many Witbooi children baptised at Gibeon. He was married to Annie Coleman, née Ricketts. --- Gender: m Married to: Annie Coleman, née Ricketts RAW DATA: Quellen 17:11.1.1886; 001346 Collier, Edward * --- Edward Collier was a miner on the Matchless Mine in 1857. --- Gender: m Namibia National Archives Database 001973 Collins, Charles * + in Namibia --- Charles Collins was a trader. He was robbed and killed by Nama before 1868. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:26; 000701 Collins, Gerald George * 01.10.1906 at London, England First entry to Namibia: 1929 --- Gerald George Collins was born on 01.10.1906 at London in the United Kingdom. He was educated at the William Ellis School and the University of London. He joined the Colonial Bank in London in 1924. He came to Namibia in 1930 in the employ of Barclays Bank. He became regional manager for SWA in 1956 until his retirement in 1966. After retirement, he continued to serve on the Bank's Board (as Chairman from 1987-1981). He was the Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce, 1972-. He was a keen amateur photographer, whose photos were widely published, and active in a number of clubs, boards and associations, including the South Africa Foundation, the Arts Association, the Windhoek Photographic Society, the SWA Jägerverein, the SWA Football Association, the Windhoek Club, the Windhoek Library Committee, SWAPAC, and the SWA Board of Censors. He was married to Sigrid Sophie Collins, née Volker in 1933. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Profession: Banker Married to: Sigrid Sophie Collins, née Volker, married 1933 Father: G.W.E. Collins RAW DATA: WWSA 1959; Namibiana 10; 001347 Conradie, David Gideon * 24.08.1879 + 30.09.1966 --- David Gideon Conradie was born on 24.08.1879. He served as Administrator for South West Africa from April 1933 to March 1943. He died on 30.09.1966. --- Gender: m Field of activity: ADM Functions: Administrator for South West Africa - 1933-1943 Father: Namibia National Archives Database 000702 Conradie, Jan * 22.08.1930 at Kimberley, South Africa --- Jan Conradie was born on 22.08.1930 at Kimberley in South Africa. He studied at UNISA (LL.B. 1974) in South Africa. He was transferred to Namibia in 1975, where he worked as a state legal advisor. --- Gender: m Field of activity: LAW Namibia National Archives Database 000703 Conradie, Pieter Jacobus * 16.03.1923 at Britstown, C.P., South Africa --- Pieter Jacobus Conradie was born on 16.03.1923 at Britstown in South Africa. He came to Namibia at an unknown date, but after 1949. He served in 1959 as Windhoek Town Clerk. He was a Member of the SWA Sports Control Body. He was married to Christina Conradie, née Serfontein in 1949. --- Gender: m Married to: Christina Conradie, née Serfontein, married 1949- Father: J.L.J. Conradie RAW DATA: WWSA 1959; 000522 Conradt, Ludwig [Konraat, L.] * 26.02.1853 at Köslin, Pomerania, Germany (now Poland) + 31.08.1920 at Windhoek --- Ludwig Conradt was born on 26.02.1853 at Köslin in Germany. He was a trader, farmer and writer. He came to Namibia with the Lüderitz enterprise and made himself independent in the late 1880s. He traded regularly with Hendrik Witbooi, supplying him with ammunition as late as 1891. He was one of the very few German settlers who were protected by the Ovaherero in 1904. A study of his record of nine court sentences, mostly for "insults", between 1890 and 1908, suggests that his "crime" was speaking out against colonial officials' practices. Although Conradt came to own four farms, developed properties in Rehoboth and Gibeon, and authored various publications, he spent his last years in a shed on a farm no longer his own, with only the most rudimentary furniture and equipment. He appears as a creditor in Hendrik Witbooi's "Debt Book". He died on 31.08.1920 at Windhoek. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS WRI RAW DATA: NAN EST 26; 000135 Conrath, C. * --- C. Conrath was a trader from London. He came to Namibia some time after 1864 to manage the business of the mission trading company (Rheinische Missions-Handelsgesellschaft). There was considerable conflict with the Rhenish Missionary Carl Hugo Hahn, whose authority he refused to accept. Conrath represented the traders in September 1870 at Okahandja at the meeting between the Nama and the Ovaherero chiefs that ended the first Nama - Herero war. He also witnessed the Peace Treaty. As he proved incompetent, he was dismissed in 1877. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS RAW DATA: Tabler 1972:26; Metzkes 1962:74+79; v.Schumann; Faulenbach; 001348 Conze * First entry to Namibia: 1909 --- Conze was a Ministerialdirektor (in the German Colonial Office). He travelled to Namibia in 1909. --- Gender: m Field of activity: ADM RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:291, 366; 001349 Cooke, Cranmer Kenrick * .1906 at Somerset, England + 03.96.1992 at Howick, Natal, South Africa --- Cranmer Kenrick Cooke was born in 1906 at Somerset in England. He was an archaeologist who also researched on Namibia. He died on 03.96.1992 at Howick, Natal in South Africa. --- Gender: m Field of activity: SCI Profession: Archaeologist RAW DATA: Obituary: SA Archaeological Bulletin vol.47 (1992) p.127; 000136 Cook, Edward Boyer * 04.11.1806 at Long Whatton, Leicestershire, England + 09.03.1843 at the Oranje River --- Edward Boyer Cook was born on 04.11.1806 at Long Whatton in the United Kingdom. He was a Wesleyan missionary who arrived in the Cape Colony in 1832 and settled at Warmbad in May 1834, after funds donated by Josiah Nisbett facilitated the re-establishment of a mission station there. During his sojourn in the country, he travelled extensively and visited several prominent leaders in Namibia at the time, including Amraal Lamberts and Jonker Afrikaner. He married Frances Thornhill in January 1834. They had five children. He died on 09.03.1843 at the Oranje River. --- Gender: m Field of activity: REL Profession: Missionary Married to: Frances Cook, née Thornhill, married 1834- RAW DATA: Lau: Hahn; DSAB III; Tabler 1973:26-27; Chronology of Namibian History, 2003 (Dierks); 000704 Cooper, Allan D. * --- Allan D. Cooper was an Associate Professor of Political Science at St. Augustine's College, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. He has published and edited numerous articles and books on Namibia. He has been involved in anti-apartheid work since 1974 and is the author of the first divestment bill passed in the U.S. --- Gender: m Field of activity: SCI Namibia National Archives Database 001350 Cooper, Charles * --- Charles Cooper was a British businessman who was backing the "Groll Syndicate" which acquired shares in German colonial undertakings. --- Gender: m RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:68; 001351 Cope, Rupert Stephen * 29.05.1875 at Bredasdorp, South Africa --- Rupert Stephen Cope was born on 29.05.1875 at Bredasdorp in South Africa. He served as a captain in the South African Army between in 1914 and 1919, including the South West Africa campaign. Later he was a civil servant in the Department of Native Affairs and was stationed at Okamwandi in Ovamboland. He was married to Lorna Mary Cope, née Fogarty in 1922. --- Gender: m Field of activity: MIL ADM Married to: Lorna Mary Cope, née Fogarty, married 1922- Father: Edwin Thomas Cope RAW DATA: WWSA 1929/30; 001352 Corbett, D. * --- D. Corbett was a wagon repairer, worked for the Walvis Bay Mining Company in 1857. --- Gender: m Namibia National Archives Database 001353 Corbett, James * --- James Corbett was a "very able workman" employed by the Walvis Bay Mining Company in 1857. --- Gender: m Namibia National Archives Database 001974 Corbitt * --- Corbitt was a trader who was at Otjimbingwe in February 1861. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS RAW DATA: Tabler 1973:28; 000707 Cordes, Max Emil Robert * 15.02.1875 at Leipzig, Germany + 05.11.1943 in Namibia First entry to Namibia: 189905 --- Max Emil Robert Cordes was born on 15.02.1875 and educated in Leipzig in Germany. He was trained as watchmaker. He joined the German army in 1897, and the Schutztruppe in 1899. He served as personal secretary of Governor Theodor Leutwein from 1901, and followed Leutwein after the latter's retirement to Germany to assist him in the writing of his memoirs "Elf Jahre Gouverneur in Deutsch-Südwestafrika". After his return to Namibia, he was stationed at Otavi from 1906 to 1907. He retired from military service and worked for the Deutsche Kolonialgesellschaft in Swakopmund. He was the first town clerk of Swakopmund, from 1910 until his death in November 1943, only interrupted by military service in 1914/15 during World War One. He was married to Franziska Cordes, née Mayer in 1907. --- Gender: m Married to: Franziska Cordes, née Mayer, married 1907- Children: Ruthilde Hillig (married Cordes) Collections/Papers: 1). NAN: A.331 (biographical details) 001354 Cosmus, Ludwig * 08.02.1884 at Nordstrand, Germany First entry to Namibia: 1911 Last departure from Namibia: 1922 --- Ludwig Cosmus was born on 08.02.1884 at Nordstrand in Germany. He was a mission farmer of the Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft at Gaub. He was sent out to Namibia 1911 and returned to Germany in 1922. --- Gender: m Field of activity: AGR REL Namibia National Archives Database 000705 Courtney-Clarke, Cecil Stanhope * 13.11.1916 at Pretoria, South Africa --- Cecil Stanhope Courtney-Clarke was born on 13.11.1916 at Pretoria in South Africa. He was the son of Francis Priestley Courtney-Clarke, Secretary for South West Africa 19??-19??. He was educated at St. John's College, Johannesburg. He came to Namibia in 1921. He served with the Royal Air Force from 1939 to 1946. He was a businessman and director of various companies. He was married to Constance Margaret Courtney-Clarke, née Tew in 1947. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Profession: Businessman Married to: Constance Margaret Courtney-Clarke, née Tew, married 1947- Father: Francis Priestley Courtney-Clarke RAW DATA: WWSA 1959; 001356 Courtney-Clarke, Francis Priestley * --- Francis Priestley Courtney-Clarke was the Chief Native Commissioner. Secretary for South West Africa. --- Gender: m Field of activity: ADM Collections/Papers: 1). NAN: A.161 2). NAN: A.313 000706 Cowley, Clive * 03.05.1937 at Oudtshoorn, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 1969 --- Clive Cowley was born on 03.05.1937 at Oudtshoorn in South Africa. He was educated in Port Elizabeth. He worked as journalist for various newspapers. He came to Namibia in 1969 as editor of the Windhoek Advertiser (1969-1971). Then he was correspondent for "The Star". He was the editor of various tourism publications. He was married to Dorothea (Doris) Cowley, née Knapp in 1971. --- Gender: m Field of activity: WRI Profession: Journalist Married to: Dorothea (Doris) Cowley, née Knapp, married 1971- Father: Thomas Niel Archibald Cowley Namibia National Archives Database 001357 Crailsheim, Kurt von, Freiherr * 04.12.1878 --- Kurt von Crailsheim was born on 04.12.1878. He was a Schutztruppe officer. --- Gender: m Field of activity: MIL RAW DATA: Fischer 1935:91; 001358 Cramer, Ludwig * in Germany + .1917 in Namibia First entry to Namibia: 1906 --- Ludwig Cramer was a German coffee merchant from Hamburg. He came to Namibia in 1906 after a business failure, and farmed on the farm Otjisororindi at the Black Nossob River. He was convicted in August 1912 of violent abuse and killing of his farmworkers, including women. His wife Ada, who had assisted her husband in the floggings, later published a book trying to justify the crimes. Cramer died in 1917 by a blasting accident while digging a well on his farm. --- Gender: m Field of activity: AGR Profession: Farmer Married to: Adelheid (Ada) Cramer, née Cramer (1874-1962), married 1891-1917 Children: Ernst Ludwig Cramer (1895-1957) Hildegard Ritter (married Cramer) Friedrich Cramer RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:266-267, 366; AHK 1975:101-103; 001359 Cramer, Adelheid [Cramer, Ada - short name form] * .1874 at Brieg/Schlesien, Germany (today Poland) + .1962 at Aerzen, Germany First entry to Namibia: 1906 Last departure from Namibia: 1919 --- Adelheid Cramer was born in 1874 at Brieg/Schlesien in Germany (today Poland). She was the wife of the German farmer Ludwig Cramer. She immigrated with him to Namibia in 1906. The couple farmed on the farm Otjisororindi at the Black Nossob. Her husband was convicted in 1912 of violent abuse and killing of his farmworkers. Ada, who had assisted her husband in the floggings, later published a book "Weiss oder Schwarz" trying to justify the crimes, which is a telling and instructive testimony of the social conditions and paranoid state of mind of parts of the German settler community during the German Namibian War from 1903 to 1913. Ludwig Cramer died in 1917 in a blasting accident, and Ada Cramer was deported back to Germany in 1919, taught in a household school, and died in 1962 at Aerzen in Germany. Three of their children stayed in Namibia, i.a. the later popular writer Ernst Ludwig Cramer. --- Gender: f Field of activity: AGR WRI Married to: Ludwig Cramer (-1917), married 1891-1913 Children: Ernst Ludwig Cramer (1895-1957) Hildegard Ritter (married Cramer) Friedrich Cramer RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:366; AHK 1975:101-104; 000745 Crohn, Erhard Manfred * 16.06.1912 at Berlin, Germany --- Erhard Manfred Crohn was born on 16.06.1912 and educated in Berlin. He came to Namibia in 1930. He was a cattle and karakul breeder. He was married to Elly Crohn, née Degenhardt in 1937. --- Gender: m Field of activity: BUS Married to: Elly Crohn, née Degenhardt, married 1937- Father: Siegfried Crohn Children: RAW DATA: WWSA 1959; 001360 Cronje, Gabriel Jacobus * 11.10.1891 at Rietkolk, Transvaal, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 06.01.1916 --- Gabriel Jacobus Cronje was born on 11.10.1891 at Rietkolk, Transvaal in South Africa. He came to Namibia on 06.01.1916. He was a Head Warder at Lüderitzbucht. --- Gender: m Father: Johannes Hendrick Cronje RAW DATA: WWSA 1929/30; 000746 Cronjé, Isak Adolph * 13.04.1894 at Senekal, South Africa First entry to Namibia: 01.1928 --- Isak Adolph Cronjé was born on 13.04.1894 and educated at Senekal in the Orange Free State in South Africa. He came to Namibia in 1928. He was a farmer and politician. He was the Member of the Legislative Assembly for Otjiwarongo, 1940-1945, and served in various functions. He was married to Irene Christophine Cronjé, née Helm in 1919. --- Gender: m Field of activity: AGR Profession: Farmer Functions: Member - Legislative Assembly - 1940-1945 Chair - Otjiwarongo Coop. Society - 1938-1947 Chair - SWA Agricultural Union - 1950-1956 President - Otjiwarongo Agricultural Industrial Soc. - 1953-1954 Married to: Irene Christophine Cronjé, née Helm, married 1919 Father: Cornelis Coenraad Cronjé RAW DATA: WWSA 1959; 001361 Curris, Lieutenant * --- Curris was a lieutenant of the Cape Police detachment who negotiated with Jakob Marengo on 17.09.1907. --- Gender: m Field of activity: MIL RAW DATA: Drechsler 1966:236;

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